This guide will explain how to grow an XFS filesystem once you’ve increased the underlying storage.

I applied these steps to one of my personal VM running on Orange Cloud.

Prerequisites

• A snapshot is created to back up data.
  • To prevent data loss caused by incorrect operations, I recommend that you create a snapshot to back up your data by your cloud provider console or take it manually on another storage.
• Request volume resize from your cloud provider console.
• The growpart or xfsprogs tool is installed based on your operating system.

yum install cloud-utils-growpart xfsprogs -y

Steps

We have a root partition of 10G on a 100G disk (commands entered are shown starting with #, notable parts in bold):

[root@gameserver ~]# df -Th /
Filesystem              Type  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs    20G  10.1G   9.9G  51% /

Run lsblk lists information about all available or the specified block devices. The lsblk command reads the sysfs filesystem and udev db to gather information.

[root@gameserver ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0              11:0    1 1024M  0 rom
sr1              11:1    1  444K  0 rom
vda             252:0    0  100G  0 disk
├─vda1          252:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─vda2          252:2    0   99G  0 part
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0   20G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
[root@ad-holdingwebserver ~]#

Delete and Create new volume

[root@gameserver ~]# fdisk /dev/vda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1,2, default 2):
Partition 2 is deleted

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000a87fe

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p
Partition number (2-4, default 2):
First sector (2099200-209715199, default 2099200):
Using default value 2099200
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2099200-209715199, default 209715199):
Using default value 209715199
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 99 GiB is set

Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2):
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.

Then run the following commands

[root@gameserver ~]# pvresize /dev/vda2
  Physical volume "/dev/vda2" changed
  1 physical volume(s) resized or updated / 0 physical volume(s) not resized

[root@gameserver ~]# lvextend /dev/mapper/centos-root -l +100%FREE
  Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <20.00 GiB (4351 extents) to <97.00 GiB (24831 extents).
  Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.

[root@gameserver ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=1113856 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=4455424, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 4455424 to 25426944
[root@ad-holdingwebserver ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    3.9G   11M  3.8G   1% /run
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   97G  8.9G   89G  10% /
/dev/vda1               1014M  207M  808M  21% /boot
tmpfs                    779M     0  779M   0% /run/user/0